King Leopold II (1835-1909) of Belgium treated the vast area of the Congo Free State as his private domain and his administrators were noted for their cruelty and harshness toward the black native Africans. In 1897, the Batetelas revolted again and gained control of a large area in the eastern part of the Congo Free State. Belgian forces under Baron Francois Dhanis (1861-1909) advanced against the Batetelas, who put up a fierce resistance for three years. Eventually the Belgians were able to crush the rebels and their strong leaders (October 1900). By parliamentary act in 1908, Belgium annexed the Congo, thus forming the Belgian Congo.
Dictionary of Wars, 54; Military History, 937.
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